Located in the heart of central Portugal, Tomar is a city rich in history, culture, and architectural beauty. Once the headquarters of the legendary Knights Templar, Tomar played a crucial role in Portugal’s medieval past and the Age of Discovery. The city is home to one of Portugal’s most extraordinary landmarks, the Convent of Christ, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that stands as a testament to the enduring influence of the Templars. Beyond its historical significance, Tomar boasts a charming old town, scenic riverside walks, and lush green landscapes that invite visitors to slow down and soak up the atmosphere. Whether you’re a history buff, a nature lover, or a traveller seeking unique cultural experiences, Tomar offers a captivating blend of past and present.
The History of Tomar
Early history and Roman influence Before the arrival of the Knights Templar, the region where Tomar is now located had been inhabited for centuries. The Romans established outposts in central Portugal, leaving traces of roads, fortifications, and agricultural techniques. Although there is little direct evidence of a significant Roman presence, Tomar and its surrounding towns, such as Conímbriga, provide a glimpse of the ancient civilisation that once dominated the Iberian Peninsula.
The Templars and the founding of Tomar
Tomar’s defining moment came in 1160, when Gualdim Pais, the Grand Master of the Knights Templar in Portugal, chose the site to build a powerful fortress. This fortress, now known as the Castle of Tomar, was used as a military base and a religious centre. Over time, it became the Convent of Christ, a medieval and Renaissance masterpiece of architecture. The Knights Templar played a key role in defending Portugal against Moorish invaders and in the Christian reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula. Their wealth and influence grew, leading to tensions with the Catholic Church and European monarchs. In 1312, the Order of the Temple was officially abolished by Pope Clement V, however, in Portugal, King Dinis cleverly rebranded the Order as the Order of Christ, allowing its members to continue their activities under a new name.
The Order of Christ and the Age of Discovery
With the Templars reorganised as the Order of Christ, Tomar became a centre of knowledge, navigation, and exploration. Prince Henry the Navigator, a key figure in Portugal’s Age of Discovery, served as Grand Master of the Order in the 15th century. The wealth and expertise accumulated in Tomar directly contributed to Portugal’s overseas expansion, funding expeditions that led to the discovery of new trade routes and territories.
Tomar in the modern era
As Portugal entered the modern era, Tomar remained an important cultural and religious centre. Its well-preserved medieval streets, historic buildings, and vibrant local traditions make it a unique destination for visitors seeking to experience the soul of Portugal. The city is also famous for the spectacular Festa dos Tabuleiros, a centuries-old festival.
Things to do in Tomar
Templar and Medieval Tours For those who want to delve deeper into the city’s history, several guided tours offer an insight into Tomar’s medieval past, including night tours that recreate historical events.
Outdoor adventures
Hiking around the Convent of Christ and the nearby forests. Canoeing on the Nabão River. Cycle along scenic country lanes.
Traditional festivals & events
Festa dos Tabuleiros (Festival of the Trays): Held every four years, this festival features a grand parade of women carrying elaborately decorated trays on their heads. Templar Festival: A celebration of Tomar’s medieval heritage with re-enactments, music, and street performances.
Explore nearby attractions
Almourol Castle: A fairytale Templar castle on a small island in the Tagus River. Dornes is a picturesque riverside village with a medieval pentagonal tower.
How to get to Tomar From Lisbon: Direct train (CP services) or car (1.5 hours drive). From Oporto: Train (2.5-3 hours) or car. Nearby airports: Lisbon Airport (120 km).
Getting around
The best way to explore the old town is on foot. Taxis and buses are available for longer distances.
The best time to visit
Spring & Summer: Ideal weather and major festivals. Autumn: Fewer crowds and beautiful scenery. Winter: quiet and peaceful, although some attractions have limited opening hours.
Conclusion: Why Visit Tomar?
Tomar is a hidden gem of history, architecture, and natural beauty. Whether you’re fascinated by the mysteries of the Knights Templar, the charm of medieval streets, or simply looking for a peaceful escape, Tomar promises an unforgettable journey into Portugal’s past and present.
